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Original Article| May 24 2024
Chloe Andrews;
Chloe Andrews
1Department of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
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Jacqueline Maya;
Jacqueline Maya
2Diabetes Unit, Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
3Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
4Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Carolin C.M. Schulte;
Carolin C.M. Schulte
5Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
6Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Sarah Hsu;
Sarah Hsu
2Diabetes Unit, Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
7Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
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Tanayott Thaweethai;
Tanayott Thaweethai
4Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
5Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Kaitlyn E. James;
Kaitlyn E. James
4Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Jose Halperin;
Jose Halperin
4Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
9Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
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Camille E. Powe;
Camille E. Powe
2Diabetes Unit, Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
4Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
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Sarbattama Sen
1Department of Pediatrics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
4Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
Corresponding author: Sarbattama Sen, ssen@carene.org
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C.E.P. and S.S. contributed equally to this work.
Corresponding author: Sarbattama Sen, ssen@carene.org
Diabetes Care dc232239
Article history
Received:
November 21 2023
Accepted:
April 18 2024
PubMed:
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Citation
Chloe Andrews, Jacqueline Maya, Carolin C.M. Schulte, Sarah Hsu, Tanayott Thaweethai, Kaitlyn E. James, Jose Halperin, Camille E. Powe, Sarbattama Sen; Risk of Neonatal Hypoglycemia in Infants of Mothers With Gestational Glucose Intolerance. Diabetes Care 2024; dc232239. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc23-2239
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OBJECTIVE
To examine the relationship between gestational glucose intolerance (GGI) and neonatal hypoglycemia.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This was a secondary analysis of 8,262 mother-infant dyads, with delivery at two hospitals between 2014 and 2023. We categorized maternal glycemic status as normal glucose tolerance (NGT), GGI, or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We defined NGT according to a normal glucose load test result, GGI according to an abnormal glucose load test result with zero (GGI-0) or one (GGI-1) abnormal value on the 100-g oral glucose tolerance test, and GDM according to an abnormal glucose load test result with two or more abnormal values on the glucose tolerance test. Neonatal hypoglycemia was defined according to blood glucose <45 mg/dL or ICD-9 or ICD-10 diagnosis of neonatal hypoglycemia. We used logistic regression analysis to determine associations between maternal glucose tolerance category and neonatal hypoglycemia and conducted a sensitivity analysis using Δ-adjusted multiple imputation, assuming for unscreened infants a rate of neonatal hypoglycemia as high as 33%.
RESULTS
Of infants, 12% had neonatal hypoglycemia. In adjusted models, infants born to mothers with GGI-0 had 1.28 (95% 1.12, 1.65), GGI-1 1.58 (95% CI 1.11, 2.25), and GDM 4.90 (95% CI 3.81, 6.29) times higher odds of neonatal hypoglycemia in comparison with infants born to mothers with NGT. Associations in sensitivity analyses were consistent with the primary analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
GGI is associated with increased risk of neonatal hypoglycemia. Future research should include examination of these associations in a cohort with more complete neonatal blood glucose ascertainment and determination of the clinical significance of these findings on long-term child health.
This article contains supplementary material online at https://doi.org/10.2337/figshare.25653348.
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© 2024 by the American Diabetes Association
2024
Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. More information is available at https://www.diabetesjournals.org/journals/pages/license.
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